What components are typically included in a logic model?

• A. Inputs, activities, outputs, outcomes, and impact.
• B. Only outputs and outcomes.
• C. A narrative of personal opinions.
• D. Financial budgets only.

Answer: (A)

A logic model presents how a program uses resources to deliver activities, produce outputs, create outcomes, and achieve long-term impact. It starts with inputs (the resources invested), moves to activities (what the program does), then to outputs (the direct products or services delivered), followed by outcomes (the changes or benefits experienced by participants or the system), and culminates in impact (the broader, long-term effects on the target issue).

This option is the best because it includes all the typical components of a logic model: inputs, activities, outputs, outcomes, and impact. It shows the full chain from resources to ultimate effects, which is essential for planning, implementation, and evaluation.

Other choices don’t fit because they miss key parts of the model. A focus on only outputs and outcomes leaves out the resources and actions that create them and the ultimate impact. A narrative of personal opinions is not a structured, causal map of how a program works. Financial budgets alone capture money but not the full sequence of activities, products, changes, and long-term effects.